Figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of an IoT device 500 to implement components and process steps of IoT devices described herein.

Input devices 504 comprise transducers that convert physical phenomenon into machine internal signals, typically electrical, optical or magnetic signals. Signals may also be wireless in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the radio frequency (RF) range but also potentially in the infrared or optical range. Examples of input devices 504 are keyboards which respond to touch or physical pressure from an object or proximity of an object to a surface, mice which respond to motion through space or across a plane, microphones which convert vibrations in the medium (typically air) into device signals, scanners which convert optical patterns on two or three dimensional objects into device signals. The signals from the input devices 504 are provided via various machine signal conductors (e.g., busses or network interfaces) and circuits to memory 506

The memory 506 is typically what is known as a first or second level memory device, providing for storage (via configuration of matter or states of matter) of signals received from the input devices 504, instructions and information for controlling operation of the CPU 502, and signals from storage devices 510

The memory 506 and/or the storage devices 510 may store computer-executable instructions and thus forming logic 514 that when applied to and executed by the CPU 502 implement embodiments of the processes disclosed herein.

Information stored in the memory 506 is typically directly accessible to the CPU 502 of the device. Signals input to the device cause the reconfiguration of the internal material/energy state of the memory 506, creating in essence a new machine configuration, influencing the behavior of the IoT device 500 by affecting the behavior of the CPU 502 with control signals (instructions) and data provided in conjunction with the control signals. 

Second or third level storage devices 510 may provide a slower but higher capacity machine memory capability. Examples of storage devices 510 are hard disks, optical disks, large capacity flash memories or other non-volatile memory technologies, and magnetic memories. 

The CPU 502 may cause the configuration of the memory 506 to be altered by signals in storage devices 510. In other words, the CPU 502 may cause data and instructions to be read from storage devices 510 in the memory 506 from which may then influence the operations of CPU 502 as instructions and data signals, and from which it may also be provided to the output devices 508. The CPU 502 may alter the content of the memory 506 by signaling to a machine interface of memory 506 to alter the internal configuration, and then converted signals to the storage devices 510 to alter its material internal configuration. In other words, data and instructions may be backed up from memory 506, which is often volatile, to storage devices 510, which are often non-volatile.

Output devices 508 are transducers which convert signals received from the memory 506 into physical phenomenon such as vibrations in the air, or patterns of light on a machine display, or vibrations (i.e., haptic devices) or patterns of ink or other materials (i.e., printers and 3-D printers).  

The network interface 512 receives signals from the memory 506 and converts them into electrical, optical, or wireless signals to other machines, typically via a machine network. The network interface 512 also receives signals from the machine network and converts them into electrical, optical, or wireless signals to the memory 506.